Fundamentals of Ethernet

Ethernet is LAN media type that uses CSMA/CD to send information and functions at Data Link Layer of OSI Reference Model. Ethernet media type having different physical topologies but having single logical topology: bus topology. With various physical topologies, we can design this network with different shapes but the communication happens in Bus topology only. It has two versions right now. One of them is DIX version and the second is IEEE version. This tutorial explains various topologies and versions of Ethernet.

Physical Topologies Supported

1. Bus topology
   
   
2. Star Topology
   
   
3. Point to Point

Uses of Netstat Command	Transport Layer in a Network
PING: Transmit failed. General Failure	Destination Net Unreachable
Destination host unreachable	Enable Disabled Adapter
Resolve Windows Automatic IP	Hard Disk SMART Command Failed Error
Solve TTL Expired in Transit	Ping Request Could not Find Host

Two Versions Of Ethernet

1. DIX Version
   
   DIX  Ethernet or Ethernet 2 is widely using now. This version does not split Data Link layer into two. Ethernet 2 has frame value more than 1500. This standard is designed by the combined work of three companies. Those companies are DEC, Intel, and Xerox. This standard is named as DIX by taking the first letter from the names of these three companies.
   
   
2. IEEE Version
   
   This version of Ethernet is defined under IEEE 802.2/3. Here the data link layer is subdivided into LLC and MAC. To read more about it, visit the links below.
   
   
   • LLC (Logical Link Control) IEEE 802.2
     
     
   • MAC Sublayer Defined in IEEE 802.3
   
   Frame value of IEEE802.3 is less than 1500. This is the major difference between IEEE and DIX versions.
   

To read more about the devices and protocols work in standard, visit the link below.
Data Link Layer in OSI Reference Model